Garments Industry Sewing Machines | Some Essential Sewing Machines | Image & Short Introduction.

A device which is used to stitch fabric and other material with thread is called sewing machine. Most of the garments what we wear are sewn by sewing machines.

Sewing Machine is used for applying stitch in the apparel. Various types of stitching are done by the sewing machine. Depending on the stitch types, Sewing machines are classified. On the other hand sewing machines are classified according to their structure.

Types of Sewing Machines:

Each machine makes a basic running stitch the same way, with two sources of threads. The top needle takes the thread down into the fabric. It is caught and looped via the bobbin apparatus and then pulled back up. The "feed dog" (a rough edged surface underneath the fabric) moves it along and the next stitch begins. Everything else is different.

Mechanical Sewing Machines :

A mechanical sewing machine is controlled by a rotary wheel. Any adjustment like the tension or the length or width of the stitch is made by moving a dial. These machines are very basic and tend to be less expensive than the other sewing machines.

Electronic Sewing Machines :

An electronic machine differs in that there are some functions that can be accomplished by pushing a button. A machine can have a number of motors for various duties and they are run via electricity.

Computerized Sewing Machines  :

As sewing machines became more complex, more of these motors were added. A computer then coordinates all these functions. Think about a repetitive sequence of stitches being programmed, so you no longer have to replicate these movements over and over again. Nice!

1. Lock Stitch Machine/ Plain/ Regular Sewing Machine
2. Two Needle Lock Stitch Machine
3. Chain Stitch Machine
4. Double Chain Stitch Machine
5. Overlock Machine (3 threads/4 threads/ 5threads)
6. Safety Stitch Over Lock Machine
7. Flat Lock Machine
8. Feed off the arm or Flat seamer with the Cylinder Bed.
9. Buttonhole Machine
10. Button Sewing Machine
11. Bar Tack Machine
12. Blind Stitch Machine
13. Kansai Special Machine (Multi Needle or Smocking Machine)
14. Pocket Sewer M/C.

15. Zigzag flatbed sewing machine.

Lock Stitch Machine/ Plain/ Regular Sewing Machine:

Lock Stitch is the widely used for stitching fabric. According to the British standard 3870 and ISO4915:1991, lock stitch is classified as class 300.

Plain Machine used for lock stitch, Plain sewing Machine also called lock stitch machine. To Operate this machine one should have practical knowledge about the plain sewing machine.

Feature of Lock Stitch Sewing Machine: Plain Sewing Machine is used for lock stitch formation:

1. Lock stitch is formed by a single needle of a plain sewing machine.

2. The speed of a lock stitch sewing machine is up to 6000 RPM.

3. During stitch formation, the needle thread is interlaced with the bobbin thread by means of a hook.

4. Lock stitch machine can be distinguished by the winding device provided for bobbin thread.

5. The programmable plain sewing machine issued for sewing repetitive operation.

This kind of machines is used for all light, medium & heavy types of garments. Mainly, Collar and Cuff making, POcket Hemming and pocket Attach, Yoke Attach, Shoulder Attach, Sleeve Placket Make, Sleeve Attach, Bottom Hem, Main Label Attach, Top Stitches, Back Moon Join, Placket Join, Various Types of Tack, Zipper Join, Side Slid Make.

 

Lean Tools | 5S | 2nd S Seiton or Set In Order | Definition and Technique For Implementation.

In My Previous page I was trying to discuss about 1^st S (Seri or Sort) from the Japanese 5S System, which is the Lean System’s 1^st Fundamental Principle. In this I want to discuss about the 2^nd S, Seiton or Set In Order. It is also called Straightening or Organizing or Orderliness. That is, setting everything in proper order for easy reclamation.

It involves setting in order what is sorted in Seiri, straighten and standardization of it. Where Seiri subsumed getting rid of the things that you do not need or necessarily, Seiton ensues closely on by assuring what you remove is orderly and available where and when you need it. 

Seiton means orderly placing the objects away after you have used them. Placing objects away requires following 3 rules:

1.       Fix where objects belong,

2.       Decide how objects should be put away,

3.       Follow the put-away rules to leave objects where they can be quickly and properly found next time they are needed.

To fix the put-away rules, do an analysis of how the objects are used. Pay particular attention to when and how they are picked up and used. This is the initial conductor of how and where they are put away. If something used 50 times a day, then this multiplies the time wasted in finding, the finding the item and taking it to where it is to be used. Seiton’s determining where and when objects are needed, placing them in a way that promotes efficient work flow. A worker should not have to hunt for necessary tools, or walk to another area to access often-used items.  

Now let’s find out how it is working?

The object of Seiton is that everything should be stored competently. Practically, this means, store the objects where they will be used. The more frequently it is used , the closer It should be kept. And reduce clutter by storing rarely used items further away. 

Visual Communication of Seiton:

Where confusion exists about the objects, then it should be identified in some way. For example, when selecting something is uniquely marked, for example, with standardized numbers or colors, then error and following wastes can be eliminated. The visual identification and communication are also critical to Seiton implementation. Objects that are used frequently, must be  labeled to document dates of use to determine priority of location. Items are labeled so that there no mistakes will happen. Labelling and naming should be similarly standardized. Each and every label must be located where this object  belongs to.  Seiton should be clearly communicated to the correct location.

Seiton Keep the most frequently-used objects right in the sequences:

1. Handy

2. Visible

3. Easy to reach

4. Easy to put back when not needed.

Daily or Monthly objects might be kept somewhere in the belonging marking area. You may use store room, but this storage area should still be visible from the area of the work station. Rarely-used objects or spare parts could be stored away from the work station.

Now we need to build a culture. It is one thing to set up storage areas. It is another to have people use them properly. Management must begin implementing a culture where workers, as a matter of course and a matter of pride:

1. Store Objects where they belong.

2. Keep the work area tidy.

A misplaced object will be visible at a glance in a well run factory.

When we are Doing the job Seiton or Set in Order, there should be needed to raise some questions.

1.    How often is it used?

2.    Is it easy to reach the items?

3.    How to Store it? And

4.    How to maintain it every day properly?

Usefulness to use Seiton:

1.   Increase productivity by decreasing the time spent retrieving an object.

2.  Cost savings because lost objects do not need to be re-ordered.

3.  Reduced injuries because tools are stored in convenient and ergonomic places-workers make less bending, lifting, twisting & stretching.

4.  Increase productivity because it is clear when objects are indeed unavailable.

5.  Easier For any kind of cleanup.

 Written By:
Md. Farid Ahmed
IE Officer
Fakir Apparels Ltd.
BSCIC Industrial Area, Enayet Nagar,
Fatulla,Narayangonj, Bangladesh.
Mobile: 8801814220987
E-mail: farid.ieconcern@gmail.com

Use Of Work Study & Characteristics of Work Study Engineer

Uses Of Work Study:

1.      Increased productivity and operational efficiency.

2.      Reduced manufacturing costs.

3.      Improved workplace layout.

4.      Better manpower planning and capacity planning.

5.      Fair wages to employees.

6.      Better working conditions for employees.

7.      Improved work flow.

8.      Reduced material handling costs.

9.      Provides a standard of performance to measure labor efficiency.

10.  Better industrial relations and employee morale.

11.  Basis for sound incentive schemes.

12.  Provides better job satisfaction to employees. 

Advantages Of Work Study:

1.      Uniform and improved power flow.

2.      Higher productive efficiency.

3.      Reduced manufacturing costs.

4.      Fast and accurate delivery dates.

5.      Better service to customers.

6.      Better manpower planning and capacity planning.

7.      Job security and job satisfaction to workers.

8.      Higher wages to workers.
 

Characteristics of Work Study Engineer:

The Work Study Engineer needs to be educated, expert, smart, confident, personal dignity and honesty. Must come from the top level management.

Sincerity and Honesty: The work study person must be sincere and honest only if is the case, will he/she gain the confidence and respect of those with whom he or she will work.

Enthusiasm:  He/She must be really keen on the job, believe in the importance of what he or she is doing and be able to transmit enthusiasm to the people round about.

Tact/Diplomacy: Tact is dealing with people comes from understanding them and not wishing to hurt their feelings by unkind or thoughtless word, even when these may be justified. Without justified, no work study person is going to get very far.

Good Appearance: The person must be neat, tidy & look efficient. This will inspire confidence among the people with whom he or she has to work.

Self-confidence:  This can only come with good training and experience of applying work study successfully. The work study practitioner must be able to stand up to top management. Supervisors or workers in defense of his opinion and finding, and to do so in such a way that will respect and not give offense.

Work of Gilberth:

Gilberth is considered as the founder of “Modern motion study technique” which is defined as the study of body motions used in performing an operation for the purpose of improving the operation by:

1.      Elementing unnecessary motions.

2.      Simplifying necessary motions.

3.      Then establishing the most favorable motion sequence for maximum efficiency.

 Scope Of Work Study: There is a school of thought that work study is applicable only in the field of industry where processes are highly repetitive. This is not true. Since its universal in its application, it does not matter whether the activity studies had occurred in industry, public services or in the armed forces. It is not confined to engineering activities of a repetitive nature; it can be applied to jobbing, maintenance or similar work in which there is little or no repetition of a particular operation. 

work study is a generic term for method study and work measurement which are used in the examinatin of human work in all its contexts and which lead systematically to the investigation of all the factors which affect the efficiency and economy of the situation being reviewed, in order to effect improvement.

The aim of IE depertment to provide specialized services to production departments, such as methods improvement, time study, and job evaluation and merit rating to head new projects if required.

Edited By:

Md. Farid Ahmed

IE Officer 

Fakir Apparels Ltd.

BSCIC Industrial Area, Enayet Nagar,

Fatulla, Narayangonj, Bangladesh.

 Mobile: 01814220987

Email: farid.ieconcern@gmail.com